Question about Pile Cap Footing Design

Hi, Dear All,

I have a question regarding pile cap footing flexure design.

The required bottom rebar area is 23.53. However 36.00 needs to be provided for the effective area 23.56. I checked RC-Pier tutorial for the LRFD footing design and I didn't find this effective area calculation equations. Could you please let me know which section in AASHTO LRFD code is related to this effective area? or is there a hand calc sample for this?

Thanks,

Dong