For the ABS rule we have basically to make a summation of the absolute values, so the formula is simply: Rtot = Σ|Ri| When considering it together with the RM superposition method , to get corresponding values, we also have to check the sign of the…

CQCX is the variant of the complete quadratic combination working without adjusting the sign of the result values . It's considered an evolution of the CQC rule. The following formulas are used in CQCX: Rk,tot,max = √abs(ΣΣRk,i*ρij*Rk,j) and Rk,tot…

CQC mode superposition is the rule with the usual Complete Quadratic Combination . It is defined in different scientific textbooks with the formula given below for a certain result component Rk is: Rk,tot = √(ΣΣ(Rk,i*ρij*Rk,j)). The matrix [ρij] is…

Primary benefit of integral abutments is to offer joint-less bridges to improve the durability of the structure. The most common integral abutment type is the pile bent abutment. The connectivity with the abutments causes the structure to move as a whole…

In general Frame Analysis method, cap is modeled as a beam and piles/stem walls are modeled as columns. In the “Cap as continuous beam” option, the cap is analyzed as a continuous beam. To mimic the continuous beam” analysis for the cap, the axial stiffness…

Method to Model Post Tensioned Bridges and Defining Draped Strands in LARS Bridge Many bridges utilize a combination of prestressed strands and draped post tensioned tendons. When the load rating models are created, the post tensioned tendons should…

Model a riveted plate girder in LARS Bridge Riveted plated girders are generally made up of angles, a web plate and coverplates. Model a riveted plate girder in LARS Bridge by using the technique listed below: 1) Input the horizontal legs of the top…