Tunnel lining can be modelled as a beam in PLAXIS 2D and as a plate in PLAXIS 3D. By using this element, 3 types of deformations are taken into account: shear deformation, compression due to normal forces and obviously bending. This document describes an example that has been used to verify the shell elements in PLAXIS.
Used version:
Bending of axisymmetric plates
[Verifications]
Bending of plates
Shear deformation in structural elements
Non-linear deformation of structural elements