Hydropneumatic tank ratio of losses calculations

Question

Dear All, 
 
 I have a problem in specifying the ratio of losses for an air vessel item, i have an air vessel with an outlet nozzle diameter 400 mm installed with a 150 mm bypass to limit the maximum transient pressure in the rising main. my specific question is as follow, 
 
 the ratio of losses field description states that "for same flow magnitude. ratio of inflow head loss to outflow loss. default value is 2.5". i made calculations for the inflow and the outflow nozzle head losses and head losses coefficients ( k ). and found that if that the ratio of head loss will be around 70 while the ratio of head loss coefficient is around 2.5.. 
 
 Is this field should be the ratio of head loss coefficient? or the ratio of head loss only, meaning: shall i divide the k coefficient of the inflow and outflow or shall i divide the head loss itself between the inflow and the outflow? specially that the minor loss coefficient (outflow) field is a head loss coefficient not a head loss value by my understanding. 
 
 i hope my question is clear.

Jesse Dringoli · Accepted Answer

Noor, 
 As seen in the article that Yashodhan linked to, w hen the tank is filling, the minor loss coefficient is multiplied by the value entered in the "ratio of losses" field to determine the inflow headloss. So, it does indeed use the same velocity for both inflow and outflow. 
 In order to get the equivalent higher headloss due to the smaller, bypass pipe for inflow, you will need to determine the correct "ratio of losses". Meaning, you will need to select the ratio of losses value that will results in the same headloss as if the diameter was reduced for the bypass pipe. The Standard Headloss equation is used, so you can calculate the value based on that equation.

Yashodhan Joshi · Answer

Hello Noor, 
 It is the ratio of inflow to outflow headloss. For flows into the tank, the minor loss coefficient is multiplied by this value and the losses are computed using that. For flows out of the tank, HAMMER only uses the minor loss coefficient. 
 So, if you enter a minor loss coefficient of 1.5 and a ratio of losses of 2.5, the headloss coefficient used when the tank is filling would be 1.5 X 2.5 = 3.75. 
 This is given in detail in the below article; 
 Using the Ratio of Losses field for hydropneumatic tanks and surge tanks 
 Let me know if this helps.

Hydropneumatic tank ratio of losses calculations

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