Bolt Preload Effect on Fatigue Life Preloaded bolts and rods are present in a very wide range of engineering design solutions and geometries where the effects of high cyclic loading are critical. These include, but are not limited to, high-speed railway…

Small deformation Large deformation Moment-curvature Relation for a Beam Using Shell Finite Element Model In many practical applications it is advantageous to use a hierarchical modeling approach. In general, it involves using a higher…