We have been actively pursuing thought leaderships by publishing peer-reviewed technical papers, reference books and book chapters, presenting at international conferences, and giving lectures at universities. Books Publications before 2014 The…

Darwin Sampler is developed to facilitate the sampling design for water distribution modeling. Sampling design is to determine how many locations and where they are in a system to collect field data for calibrating a water distribution model. The field…

Darwin optimization tool has been improved and a new version is available below for download. Darwin (version 0.91) Installation File (Currently unavailable) Darwin (version 0.91) User Manual Darwin (version 0.91) Demo The improvements are made…

A Absolute Humidity Application Specific Integrated Circuits Atmel ATmega B Baseband processor Bluetooth (IEEE802.15.1 and .2 C Communication Controller E Efficiency Electrically Erasable Programmable…

The mass of water vapor in a unit volume of gas mixture.

A fairly radical change from conventional wireless communication. A very large bandwidth is used to directly transmit the difital sequence as very short impulses.

Performs all signal processing in the difital domain and communicates wit ha sensor node's processor or other digital circuitry.

Performs analog signal processing in the actual radio frequency band.

The degree of variation from nominal center frequencies when environmental condition oscillators like temperature or pressure change. In extreme cases poor frequency stability can break down communication links, for example, when one node is placed in…

Specifies the minimum signal power at the receiver needed to achieve a prescribed bit/packet error rate.

The ratio of the radiated power to the overall power consumed by the front end.

The gain is the ratio of the output signal power to the input signal power and is typically given in DB.

The ratio of the (initial) Singal-to-Noise Ratio at the input of the element to the (final) SNR at the element's output.

A device that has both a transmitter and a receiver which are combined and share common circuitry or a single housing.

A type of computer data storage. Today it takes the form of integrated circuits that allow the stored data to be accessed in any order, i.e. at random.

A class of storage media used in computers and other electronic devices. Because data stored in ROM, it cannot be modified (at least not very quickly or easily), it is mainly used to distribute firmware (software that is very closely tied to specific…

An 8-bit microcontroller, which is also used in embedded applications and equipped with relevant external interfaces for common peripherals.

A family of microcontrollers which are explicitly intended for embedded applications.

A high-end processor geared mostly toward handheld devices.

A semiconductor device containing programmable logic components called "logic blocks", and programmable interconnects. Logic blocks can be programmed to perform the function of basic logic gates such as AND, and XOR, or more complex combinational functions…

Where a microcontroller has only some of its parts active. Details differ between different controllers.

Processors that are highly overpowered and consume an excessive amount of energy.

As usually no tethered power supply is available, some form of batteries are necessary to provide energy. Sometimes, some form of recharging by obtaining energy from the environment is available as well (e.g. solar cells)